II. Felt indoors by few, especially on upper floors, or
by sensitive or nervous persons. III. Felt indoors by several, motion usually rapid
vibration. IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few. V. Felt indoors by practically all, outdoors by many or most:
outdoors direction estimated. VI. Felt by all, indoors and outdoors. VII. Frightened all -- general alarm, all ran
outdoors. VIII. Fright general -- alarm approaches panic. IX. Panic general. X. Cracked ground, especially when loose and wet, up to
widths of several inches; fissures up to a yard in width ran parallel to canal
and stream banks. XI. Disturbances in ground many and widespread, varying
with ground material. XII. Damage total -- practically all works of
construction damaged greatly or destroyed.I. Not felt -- or, except under especially favorable
circumstances.
Under certain conditions, at and outside the boundary of the area in
which a great shock is felt:
sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy
and disturbed;
sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced;
sometimes
trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway; doors may swing, very
slowly.
Also, as in grade I, but often more noticeably:
sometimes hanging
objects may swing, especially when delicately suspended;
sometimes
trees, structures, liquids, bodies of water, may sway, doors may swing, very
slowly;
sometimes birds, animals, reported uneasy and
disturbed;
sometimes dizziness or nausea experienced.
Sometimes not recognized to be an earthquake at first.
Duration
estimated in some cases.
Vibration like that due to the passing of
light or lightly loaded trucks or heavy trucks some distance
away.
Hanging objects may swing slightly.
Movements may be
appreciable on upper levels of tall structures.
Rocked standing motor
cars slightly.
Awakened few, especially light sleepers.
Frightened no
one, unless apprehensive from previous experience.
Vibration like
that due to the passing of heavy or heavily loaded trucks.
Sensation like
heavy body striking building or falling of heavy objects
inside.
Rattling of dishes, windows, doors; glassware and crockery
clink and clash.
Creaking of walls, frame, especially in the upper
range of this grade.
Hanging objects swung, in numerous
instances.
Slightly disturbed liquids in open vessels. Rocked
standing motor cars noticeably.
Awakened many, or most.
Frightened few -- slight
excitement, a few ran outdoors.
Buildings trembled
throughout.
Broke dishes, glassware, to some extent.
Cracked
windows -- in some cases, but not generally.
Overturned vases,
small or unstable objects, in many instances, with occasional
fall.
Hanging objects, doors, swing generally or
considerably.
Knocked pictures against walls, or swung them out of
place.
Opened, or closed, doors, shutters, abruptly. Pendulum clocks
stopped, started, or ran fast, or slow.
Moved small objects,
furnishings, the latter to slight extent.
Spilled liquids in
small amounts from well-filled open containers.
Trees, bushes, shaken
slightly.
Frightened many, excitement general, some alarm, many ran
outdoors.
Awakened all.
Persons made to move
unsteadily.
Trees, bushes, shaken slightly to
moderately.
Liquid set in strong motion.
Small bells rang --
church, chapel, school, etc.
Damage slight in poorly built
buildings.
Fall of plaster in small amount.
Cracked
plaster somewhat, especially fine cracks; chimneys in some
instances.
Broke dishes,.
Fall of knick-knacks, books,
pictures.
Overturned furniture in many instances.
Moved
furnishings of moderately heavy kind.
Some,or many, found it difficult to stand.
Noticed by persons driving
motor cars.
Trees and bushes shaken moderately to
strongly.
Waves on ponds, lakes, and running water.
Water turbid
from mud stirred up.
Incaving to some extent of sand or gravel stream
banks.
Rang large church bells, etc.
Suspended objects made to
quiver.
Damage negligible in buildings of good design and
construction, slight to moderate in well-built ordinary buildings,
considerable in poorly built or badly designed buildings, adobe
houses, old walls (especially where laid up without mortar), spires,
etc.
Cracked chimneys to considerable extent, walls to some
extent.
Fall of plaster in considerable to large amount, also some
stucco.
Broke numerous windows, furniture to some extent.
Shook
down loosened brickwork and tiles.
Broke weak chimneys at the roof-line
(sometimes damaging roofs).
Fall of cornices from towers and high
buildings.
Dislodged bricks and stones.
Overturned heavy
furniture, with damage from breaking.
Damage considerable to
concrete irrigation ditches.
Disturbed persons driving motor cars.
Trees shaken strongly --
branches, trunks, broken off, especially palm trees.
Ejected sand and mud
in small amounts.
Changes: temporary, permanent; in flow of springs and
wells; dry wells renewed flow; in temperature of spring and well
waters.
Damage slight in structures (brick) built especially to
withstand earthquakes.
Considerable in ordinary substantial buildings, partial
collapse: racked, tumbled down, wooden houses in some cases; threw out
panel walls in frame structures, broke off decayed piling.
Fall of
walls.
Cracked, broke, solid stone walls
seriously.
Wet ground to some extent, also ground on steep
slopes.
Twisting, fall, of chimneys, columns, monuments, also
factory stacks, towers.
Moved conspicuously, overturned, very heavy
furniture.
Cracked ground conspicuously.
Damage considerable in
(masonry) structures built especially to withstand earthquakes:
threw out
of plumb some wood-frame houses built especially to withstand
earthquakes;
great in substantial (masonry) buildings, some
collapse in large part; or wholly shifted frame buildings off foundations,
racked frames;
serious to reservoirs; underground pipes sometimes
broken.
Landslides considerable from river banks and steep coasts.
Shifted
sand and mud horizontally on beaches and flat land.
Changed level of
water in wells.
Threw water on banks of canals, lakes, rivers,
etc.
Damage serious to dams, dikes, embankments.
Severe
to well-built wooden structures and bridges, some destroyed.
Developed
dangerous cracks in excellent brick walls.
Destroyed most masonry and
frame structures, also their foundations.
Bent railroad rails
slightly.
Tore apart, or crushed endwise, pipe lines buried in
earth.
Open cracks and broad wavy folds in cement pavements and asphalt
road surfaces.
Broad fissures, earth slumps, and land slips in soft, wet
ground.
Ejected water in large amount charged with sand and
mud.
Caused sea-waves ("tidal" waves) of significant
magnitude.
Damage severe to wood-frame structures, especially near
shock centers.
Great to dams, dikes, embankments, often for long
distances.
Few, if any (masonry), structures remained
standing.
Destroyed large well-built bridges by the wrecking of
supporting piers, or pillars.
Affected yielding wooden bridges
less.
Bent railroad rails greatly, and thrust them endwise.
Put pipe
lines buried in earth completely out of service.
Disturbances in ground great and varied, numerous shearing
cracks.
Landslides, falls of rock of significant character, slumping of
river banks, etc., numerous and extensive.
Wrenched loose, tore off,
large rock masses.
Fault slips in firm rock, with notable horizontal and
vertical offset displacements.
Water channels, surface and underground,
disturbed and modified greatly.
Dammed lakes, produced waterfalls,
deflected rivers, etc.
Waves seen on ground surfaces (actually seen,
probably, in some cases).
Distorted lines of sight and level.
Threw
objects upward into the air.