2) Origin and sources of genetic modifications.  

The reason of proposing a complete new theory of evolution is the different approach to the origin and sources of the genetic modification.

While for the Darwinian theory they are random mutations, for the GTCEL it is not possible this nature of the modifications bearing in mind the complexity of the living beings and their quick evolution.

These ideas will be more developed in the objectives of the evolution section..

In fact, it seems that the genetic modifications are considered random because we do not understand their functionality and the way they really work, so, the unknown is considered random for pure conventionalism.

2.a) Concept.  

The first precision about genetic information is that we are referring at the genetic information that has been or will be transmitted to progenitors or descendants.

Another ones is that when we say "gene", we are referring a genetic information transmitted and that this one could be placed in different genes unless we mentioned the opposite.

Finally, we deal with the idea of genetic information in its functionality and not in its chemical or biochemical composition; therefore, in this sense the genetic information can be assimilated to the following concepts or examples:

• Source code of a computer programme.
  

• Technical definitions buildings.
  

• Technical definitions of a car.
  

• User instructions of a computer programme.
  

2.b) Classification.  

Let's see some of the multiples classifications that can be done:

• Derive from the objectives of the evolutionary system:
  

  • Improve the efficacy.
    

    • Improvement characteristics of materials: new proteins.
      

    • Rationalisation and simplification of the structure of the genetic code.
      

    • Improve the functionality of any genetic element.
      

  • Guaranty and security.
    

    • To create different variations to deal with changes in environment.
      

    • Associate the idea of structural genetic information to some of it, to know the consequences of any future change.
      

    • Keep genetic information not operative for possible future utilisation.
      

  • Cohesion and compatibility.
    

    • Associate the condition of verification of the genetic information with the genetic information of the other progenitor in the cases of sexual diversification.
      

    • Balance development of the complementary characters.
      

  • Optimisation.
    

    • To make risky modifications relying in the mechanism of natural selection.
      

    • To improve the use of the resources.
      

• Depending on the methods:
  

  • See type of methods.

• Origin.
  

  • Accidental / directed.
    

  • Internal / external (to the individual).
    

  • Endogenous (to the genetic system) / exogenous (environmental)
    

• By the nature of its expression.
  

  • Operative code / no operative.
    

  • Discrete / continuous.
    

  • Restrictive (Conditions of external verification...) / additive / special.
    

  • Complementary character / independents / dependants.
    

  • Immediates / no immediates (confirmation needed in next generations)
    

  • Initial moments (of the new being) / posterior.
    

  • Visible (macro scale) / no visible (micro scala)
    

• By the mechanisms.
  

  • Random / design
    

  • Predetermined random (random between fixed options) / Totally random.
    

  • Simple / complex.